Publications

Showing 25 results out of 96 in total.

Alexander C, Jones L, Moody K. Evidence-based contact lens prescribing decisions Covalent Careers webinar, USA, November, 2020

Alexander C, Jones L, Moody K. Evidence-based contact lens prescribing decisions Johnson & Johnson Vision webinar, USA, September, 2020

Bitton,E., Elder,M., Srinivasan,S., Luensmann,D., Jones,L. Dry Eye Disease in University-based Clinics in Canada: A Retrospective Chart Review Optometry & Vision Science 2020;97(11):944-953 [ Show Abstract ]

SIGNIFICANCE
Dry eye disease (DED) imposes a substantial burden on patients, which can lead to significant economic consequences for society. We provide insights into the DED patient population and DED diagnostic/management practices in Canada, which to date have been inadequately addressed in the literature.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to describe DED patient demographic/clinical characteristics alongside DED diagnosis/management in university-based optometry clinics in Canada.

METHODS
This was a retrospective chart review of nonconcurrent non-Sjögren patients with DED at two university-based optometry clinics in Montreal and Waterloo. Waterloo charts with a diagnosis of DED and all charts from the Montreal dry eye clinic were considered for inclusion.

RESULTS
Overall, 200 charts were reviewed. Most patients were female (Montreal, 76%; Waterloo, 72%), and the mean age was 57.2 ± 14.9 years at Montreal and 52.6 ± 20.1 years at Waterloo. Patients commonly reported multiple health conditions (e.g., allergies [Montreal, 44%; Waterloo, 36%]), and high use of systemic nonocular medications was observed (Montreal, 76%; Waterloo, 62%). Clinical signs and symptoms of DED were recorded more often in Montreal patients than in Waterloo patients (e.g., dryness symptoms, 100 vs. 72%; tear breakup time, 100 vs. 60%). Warm compresses (Montreal, 63%; Waterloo, 83%) and artificial tears (Montreal, 94%; Waterloo, 96%) were the most frequently recommended nonmedical treatment and ocular lubricant, respectively. Topical steroids were the most frequently prescribed medications (Montreal, 22%; Waterloo, 21%), with typically three to four different interventions recommended per patient at each clinic. No relationship was found between symptoms and clinical signs or recommended interventions.

CONCLUSIONS
This retrospective chart review provided the demographics, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management options for DED patients in Canadian university-based optometry clinics. The more comprehensive assessments conducted at Montreal may be beneficial to better monitor the progression of DED and to determine treatment effects over time.

Chan V, Phan CM, Jones L. Evaluating lysozyme deposition on contemporary daily disposable contact lenses in a novel in vitro blink model The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, 2020 [ Show Abstract ][ PDF ]

Purpose : To evaluate total lysozyme deposition on daily disposable (DD) contact lenses (CL) using a novel in vitro eye-blink model.

Methods : Three conventional hydrogel (CH) DD CL materials (etafilcon A, omafilcon A, nelfilcon A) and three silicone hydrogel (SH) DD CL materials (delefilcon A, senofilcon A, somofilcon A) were tested. The lenses were removed from their blister packs and placed directly on the eye model. An artificial tear solution (ATS) was flown over the lenses at a flow rate of 1 µl/min. The blink rate was set to 6 blinks per minute and the model was incubated at room temperature (23-26°C) and >45% humidity. After exposure periods of 2, 4 or 8 hours the lenses were removed and the lysozyme was extracted using acetonitrile: 0.2% trifluoroacetic acid (n=3). A separate experiment was conducted with lenses incubated in a vial containing 480 µL of ATS on an orbital shaker at 60 rpm for 8 hours (n=3). The lysozyme activity was measured using a spectrophotometric assay.

Results : Etafilcon A had the highest amount of active lysozyme absorption at all time points (p>0.001). After 8 hours, a cumulative total of 402 ± 102µg/lens of active lysozyme was absorbed on etafilcon A. Delefilcon A had the highest cumulative amount of active lysozyme (26 ± 1µg/lens) for SH materials (p<0.05). Nelfilcon A, senofilcon A and somofilcon A had the lowest amount of lysozyme activity (p0.05). The amount of active lysozyme sorption for certain lens types was different when measured using the eye-blink model as compared to a vial (p<0.05). Etafilcon A had a higher amount of active lysozyme when incubated on the blink model as compared to the vial (p<0.05), whereas somofilcon A and senofilcon A had a higher amount of lysozyme activity in the vial compared to the eye model (p0.05).

Conclusions : The in vitro eye-blink model provides quantitative data that is close to that determined from ex vivo studies and is an excellent model to assess the deposition of lysozyme on DD CL materials.

This is a 2020 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.

Cheng X, Almaghshi M, Yang M, Shaw A, Brennan NA. Evaluating on-eye wavefront aberrations of a soft contact lens with an optical design simulating orthokeratology Investigative Ophthalmology & Vision Science 2020;61, 7:554 [ Show Abstract ][ PDF ]

Purpose : Orthokeratology (OK) has been shown to be effective in slowing myopia progression. The mechanism of action is hypothesized to be the resultant optical impact to the eye. However, a soft contact lens (SCL) designed to simulate the optical effect of OK (simOK) for myopia control was found to be ineffective in a randomized controlled myopia control trial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate on-eye wavefront aberrations of the simOK lens by comparing to that of successful OK patients.

Methods : Distance (4 m) and near (25 cm) wavefront aberrations were measured with an open-field Shack-Hartmann aberrometer in 8 OK-treated patients (bare eye only) and 20 non-OK subjects with bare eye (simOK-BE) and with simOK lens on-eye (simOK-LOE) between the age of 7 and 25 years. Zernike expansions of wavefront aberration functions to the 6th order were used to determine aberration coefficients for a series of pupil diameters. Zernike coefficient of primary spherical aberration (Z40), Root-Mean-Square (RMS) of 3rd order and total Higher Order Aberrations (HOA, 3rd – 6th orders) at a 5 mm aperture were compared between simOK-BE and SimOK-LOE and between OK and simOK-LOE. A general linear mixed model with a type I error of 0.05 was used for statistical analysis.

Results : Under a 5mm pupil and with a 4-m target, the means (SD) of Z40 were 0.054 (0.050), 0.350 (0.066), and 0.364 (0.212) microns in simOK-BE, simOK-LOE and OK, respectively. Compared to simOK-BE, Z40 was significantly increased with simOK-LOE with least-square-mean (LSM) difference of 0.297 micron (95% CI: 0.255, 0.338, p<0.001). There was no significant difference in Z40 between simOK-LOE and OK (LSM difference (95%CI): -0.034 micron (-0.148, 0.080), p=0.783). Similar results were found between conditions for near wavefront and for total 3rd order aberrations and total HOAs.

Conclusions : This exploratory study demonstrated that wearing SCL designed to simulate the optical impact of OK resulted in a significant increase of HOAs in the eye. The magnitude of HOAs, including primary spherical aberration and 3rd order aberrations, was similar to those of the OK patients. To fully characterize the on-eye optical performance of the simOK lens and understand the mechanism of action of OK, additional analysis of off-axis refraction and accommodative response with the simOK lens will be examined.

This is a 2020 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.

Cheung,S., Subbaraman,L. N., Ngo,W., Jay,G. D., Schmidt,T. A., Jones,L. Localization of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan-4 in commercial contact lenses using confocal microscopy Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition 2020;31(1):110-122 [ Show Abstract ]

The aim of this study was to determine the sorption location of full-length recombinant human proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to four silicone hydrogel contact lenses [balafilcon A (PureVision, Bausch + Lomb), senofilcon A (Acuvue Oasys, Johnson & Johnson), comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision), lotrafilcon B (Air Optix, Alcon)] and one conventional hydrogel lens [etafilcon A (Acuvue 2, Johnson & Johnson)], using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Lenses (n = 3 each) were incubated under two conditions: (1) FITC-rhPRG4 solution at 300 μg/mL and (2) phosphate-buffered saline, for 1 h at 37 °C in darkness with gentle shaking. The central 4 mm of each lens was removed and viewed with the Zeiss 510 CLSM using an argon laser at 488 nm (FITC excitation 495 nm, emission 521 nm). Depth scans were taken at 1 μm intervals to a maximum depth of 100 μm. All lens materials demonstrated sorption of rhPRG4. Both senofilcon A and balafilcon A revealed FITC-rhPRG4 penetration into the bulk of the lens, generally favoring the surface. rhPRG4 was observed exclusively on the surface of lotrafilcon B, with no presence within the bulk of the lens. rhPRG4 was evenly distributed throughout the bulk of the lens, as well as on the surface, for comfilcon A and etafilcon A. The sorption profile of FITC-rhPRG4 was successfully visualized using CLSM in various contact lens materials. The polymer composition, surface treatment and pore size of the material can influence the sorption of rhPRG4.

Craig J, Bitton E, Dantam J, Ngo W, Jones L. Subjective ocular awareness with the use of eyelid cleansing products available for the management of demodex folliculorum Academy at Home, 2020

Craig J, Jones L, Willcox M, James W, Muntz A, Luensmann D, Tan J, Trave-Huarte S, Wang MTM, Xue AL. Evaluating the therapeutic profiles of lipid and non-lipid based dry eye supplements The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, 2020 [ Show Abstract ][ PDF ]

Purpose : A lack of clinical evidence on how long dry eye treatment is to be administered, before a significant improvement in signs and symptoms may be observed, has been identified in the literature. This study sought to assess the three-month therapeutic profiles of lipid-based and non-lipid-based artificial tear supplements in patients with dry eye disease.

Methods : Ninety-nine participants fulfilling the TFOS DEWS II criteria for dry eye disease (66 females, 33 males; mean±SD age, 44±16 years) were enrolled in a prospective, multi-centre, double-masked, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial. Participants were randomised to receive minimum four times daily application of lipid-based (Systane® Complete) or non-lipid-based tear supplements (Systane® Ultra) for three months. Dry eye symptomology, tear film parameters, and ocular surface characteristics were assessed at days 0, 30, 60 and 90 and compared using a multiplicity-adjusted mixed model analysis of variance.

Results : Baseline measurements did not differ between treatment groups (all p>0.05). Sustained reductions in OSDI, DEQ-5, and SANDE dry eye symptomology scores were observed by day 30 onwards (all p<0.05), and significant improvements in non-invasive tear film breakup time were detected by day 90 (both p0.05).

Conclusions : Improvements in dry eye symptomology preceded tear film stability during the three-month treatment period with both lipid-based and non-lipid-based artificial tear supplements. However, significant changes in lipid layer grade were limited to the lipid-based tear supplement.

This is a 2020 ARVO Annual Meeting abstract.

Craig J, Jones L, Wolffsohn J. TFOS DEWSII Diagnosis and management of dry eye disease – LIVE! 11th Congreso Anual de Oftalmología, Bogota, Colombia, 2020

Craig J, Muntz A, Luensmann D, Tan J, Jones L, Willcox M, Wolffsohn J. Six-month therapeutic profiles of lipid and non-lipid-based artifical tear supplements in managing dry eye disease Academy at Home, 2020

Dantam,J., Subbaraman,L. N., Jones,L. Adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Delftia acidovorans, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to contact lenses under the influence of an artificial tear solution Biofouling 2020;36(1):32-43 [ Show Abstract ]

Corneal infection is a devastating sight-threatening complication that is associated with contact lens (CL) wear, commonly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lately, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Delftia acidovorans, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia have been associated with corneal infection. This study investigated the adhesion of these emerging pathogens to CLs, under the influence of an artificial tear solution (ATS) containing a variety of components commonly found in human tears. Two different CL materials, etafilcon A and senofilcon A, either soaked in an ATS or phosphate buffered saline, were exposed to the bacteria. Bacterial adhesion was investigated using a radio-labeling technique (total counts) and plate count method (viable counts). The findings from this study revealed that in addition to P. aeruginosa, among the emerging pathogens evaluated, A. xylosoxidans showed an increased propensity for adherence to both CL materials and S. maltophilia showed lower viability. ATS influenced the viable counts more than the total counts on CLs.

DeLoss K, van der Worp E, Jones L, Pal S, Steele K, Szczotka-Flynn L. A vision on specialty lens care Global Specialty Lens Symposium, Las Vegas, USA, 2020

Desai,A. R., Maulvi,F. A., Desai,D. M., Shukla,M. R., Ranch,K. M., Vyas,B. A., Shah,S. A., Sandeman,S., Shah,D. O. Multiple drug delivery from the drug-implants-laden silicone contact lens: Addressing the issue of burst drug release Materials Science and Engineering: C 2020;112(July):110885 [ Show Abstract ]

A fixed combination of bimatoprost/timolol eye drop solution is used to manage the elevated intra-ocular pressure in glaucoma patients, including individuals whose condition is poorly controlled by monotherapy. Eye drop solutions are generally given in high dose, due to poor ocular bioavailability. The high ocular dose of bimatoprost and timolol lead to hyperaemia and systemic cardiac side effects respectively. Here, we introduce multiple implant-laden contact lenses (IM) to passively deliver timolol, bimatoprost and hyaluronic acid at therapeutically relevant doses without high burst release. The drug-loaded implants were individually implanted in the outer periphery of the silicone contact lenses. Atomic force microscopy showed the smooth surface of the implant contact lens, as the implants were inside the contact lens matrix. The implant lens (IM) showed major loss of drugs [timolol = 60.60%, bimatoprost = 61.75% and HA = 46.03%] during the monomer extraction and wet sterilization, while the option of dry radiation sterilization (IM-R lens) and hydration for 24 h prior to use showed relatively lower loss of drugs [timolol = 16.87%, bimatoprost = 47.95% and HA = 24.41%]. The in-vitro drugs release data of IM-R lens, showed sustained release for 72 h, with low burst release in comparison to the soaked (SM) and direct drug-laden contact lenses (DL). The in vivo drug release data in the rabbit tear fluid showed sustained release using IM-R lens in comparison to the SM lens and eye drop therapy. The burst release with the IM-R lens was many folds reduced, which could bypass the side effects associated with multiple eye drop therapy. The in vivo pharmacodynamic study in the rabbit model showed peak and valley profile with multiple eye drop therapy, while IM-R lens showed prolong reduction in intra ocular pressure (IOP) for 120 h. The study demonstrates the application of implantation technology to deliver multiple drug through contact lenses to treat glaucoma.

Drolle,E., Ngo,W., Leonenko,Z., Subbaraman,L., Jones,L. Nanoscale Characteristics of Ocular Lipid Thin Films Using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy 2020;9(7):1-11 [ Show Abstract ]

Purpose: To describe the use of Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) to investigate the electrical surface potential of human meibum and to demonstrate successful use of this instrument on both human meibum and a meibum model system (six-lipid stock [6LS]) to elucidate nanoscale surface chemistry and self-assembly characteristics.

Materials and Methods: 6LS and meibum were analyzed in this study. Mica-supported thin films were created using the Langmuir-Blodgett trough. Topography and electrical surface potential were quantified using simultaneous atomic force microscopy/KPFM imaging.

Results: Both lipid mixtures formed thin film patches on the surface of the mica substrate, with large aggregates resting atop. The 6LS had aggregate heights ranging from 41 to 153 nm. The range in surface potential was 33.0 to 125.9 mV. The meibum thin films at P = 5 mN/m had aggregates of 170 to 459 nm in height and surface poten- tial ranging from 15.9 to 76.1 mV, while thin films at P = 10 mN/m showed an aggregate size range of 147 to 407 nm and a surface potential range of 11.5 to 255.1 mV.

Conclusions: This study showed imaging of the differences in electrical surface poten- tial of meibum via KPFM and showed similarities in nanoscale topography. 6LS was also successfully analyzed, showing the capabilities of this method for use in both in vitro and ex vivo ocular research.

Translational Relevance: This study describes the use of KPFM for the study of ocular surface lipids for the first time and outlines possibilities for future studies to be carried out using this concept.

Efron,N., Brennan,N. A., Chalmers,R. L., Jones,L. W., Lau,C., Morgan,P. B., Nichols,J. J., Szczotka-Flynn,L. B., Willcox,M. D. Thirty years of ‘quiet eye’ with etafilcon A contact lenses Contact Lens Anterior Eye 2020;43(3):285-297 [ Show Abstract ]

Frequent replacement contact lenses made from the etafilcon A hydrogel lens material were introduced onto the market over 30 years ago, and etafilcon A remains the most widely used hydrogel lens material today. Although the prescribing of silicone hydrogel lenses is increasing, millions of lens wearers globally have been wearing hydrogel lenses for many years and exhibit a physiologically-stable ‘quiet eye’, with a low profile of adverse events. Hydrogel lenses are demonstrated to maintain a low inflammatory response and infection risk profile during daily wear, which in the case of etafilcon A, may be related to its low modulus, and the naturally-protective, anti-microbial, non-denatured lysozyme absorbed into the lens from the tear fluid. Although improved corneal physiology from decreased hypoxia with silicone hydrogel lenses is well accepted, equivalent levels of corneal oxygenation are maintained during daily wear of low to medium powered hydrogel lenses, which do not impede the daily corneal de-swelling process, and do not induce clinically significant changes in ocular health. Therefore, hydrogel lenses remain an important alternative for daily wear in modern contact lens practice.

Fadel D, Walsh K.. COVID-19, quando l'uso delle lenti è sicurio B2Eyes 2020;March. [ Show Abstract ]

Recentemente alcuni articoli di giornali sul possibile contagio da coronavirus tramite lenti a contatto e alcune organizzazioni sanitarie che consigliano il passaggio in questa fase agli occhiali anziché l’uso delle lenti a contatto sollevano facilmente la preoccupazione che l'utilizzo delle lac potrebbe non essere sicuro durante la pandemia da Covid-19. Questa inondazione di informazioni fuorvianti ha portato ricercatori di spicco nel panorama internazionale, da Canada, Regno Unito e Stati Uniti, a rispondere. Lyndon Jones, direttore del Center for Ocular Research & Education (CORE) presso l'Università di Waterloo (Canada), Philip Morgan, direttore di Eurolens Research presso l'Università di Manchester (Regno Unito), e Jason Nichols, vicepresidente associato di ricerca e docente all'Università dell'Alabama presso la Birmingham School of Optometry (Stati Uniti) e direttore editoriale di Contact Lens Spectrum, hanno fornito le seguenti informazioni sulla sicurezza dell'uso delle lenti a contatto.

Guthrie S, Woods J, Vega J, Orsborn G, Ng AY, Jones L. Exploring the factors which impact overall satisfaction with contact lenses Academy at Home, 2020 [ Show Abstract ]

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of two spherical lenses, one silicone hydrogel (SiHy) (somofilcon A) and one hydrogel (Hy) (etafilcon A), using subjective evaluations after 1-week and to correlate the relationships between specific subjective evaluations of lens performance and subjective overall satisfaction.
Methods: Fifty-five subjects participated in a prospective, double-masked, bilateral crossover dispensing study, wearing each lens for 1 week in a randomized order. Subjective ratings (0-10 scale) were completed after 1 week based on a typical day experience and a 4-point Likert scale (Strong/slight preference for each lens) was used to determine lens preference.
Results: Data for both lenses were combined and correlation analyses were conducted. Overall satisfaction was found to be significantly correlated (p<0.01) with handling for insertion (r=0.64), overall satisfaction with vision (r=0.64), handling for removal (r=0.50), comfort at insertion (r=0.59), comfort at end of day (r=0.61) and overall satisfaction with comfort (r=0.88). In addition, insertion comfort was significantly correlated with overall satisfaction with comfort (r=0.66). Considering the lenses separately, SiHy was rated significantly higher for handling for lens insertion compared to Hy (9.4 vs 8.1, p<0.01) and correlation strength with overall satisfaction varied greatly with lens material (SiHy: r=0.26, p=0.05 vs Hy: r=0.72, p<0.01). Overall lens preference based on lens handing for insertion also strongly favoured SiHy (37 subjects vs 18, p<0.01). Comfort at insertion was rated significantly higher at insertion with SiHy (9.0 vs 8.1, p<0.01) and similarly at end of day (8.1 vs 7.9, p=0.80). Correlation strength of comfort at insertion/end of day with overall satisfaction again varied with lens material (Insertion: SiHy: r=0.40 vs Hy: r=0.61; End of day: SiHy: r=0.76 vs Hy: r=0.58; all p≤ 0.01). There were no other statistically significant differences in subjective results for SiHy and Hy.
Conclusions: Significant correlations were found between overall satisfaction and the specific subjective evaluations of handling, vision and comfort. Interestingly, handling for insertion had a similar correlation (r) value as vision, suggesting that handling for insertion should not be underestimated when considering overall patient satisfaction. And while insertion and end of day comfort correlated moderately with overall satisfaction, overall satisfaction with comfort highly correlated with overall satisfaction. Separate analysis of SiHy and Hy also indicate that lower handling and comfort scores for Hy at insertion drove a higher correlation, suggesting that dissatisfaction with both handling for lens insertion and comfort upon lens insertion can play major roles in overall dissatisfaction with a lens.

Jin,Y., Jones,L., Gorbet,M. Investigation of the response of tear-film neutrophils to interleukin 8 and their sensitivity to centrifugation, fixation, and incubation Scientific report 2020;10(1):19690 [ Show Abstract ]

During eye closure, a large number of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear neutrophils, PMNs) invade the ocular surface and are often referred to as tear-film PMNs. While immunophenotyping experiments have been performed on tear-film PMNs, the impact of commonly used experimental procedures on their phenotype as well as their response to interleukin-8 (IL-8), a physiological inflammatory mediator, have not yet been investigated. A gentle eye wash method was used to collect cells at home. In the morning upon awaking, participants washed their eyes with sterile phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and collected the runoff into a sterile polypropylene tube. The cell collection was then delivered to the lab within two hours. The effects of centrifugation, incubation and fixation with paraformaldehyde (PFA) before (pre-fixed staining) or after (post-fixed staining) incubation with antibodies were characterized. Tear-film PMNs as well as blood PMNs (used for comparison) were also stimulated with IL-8. To assess the reproducibility of cell collection and variability in receptor expression over time, participants were also asked to collect cells three times over a period of a month. The change in expression of surface receptors, CD11b, CD16, CD55, CD66b, important inflammatory and activation markers, and CD45 (PAN leukocyte marker) was assessed by flow cytometry. Fixing tear-film PMNs prior to the staining with antibodies resulted in a significant (fivefold or more) reduction in the expression of CD11b, CD16 and CD45 when compared to unfixed samples, while CD16 was the only receptor to undergo significant downregulation upon post-staining fixation. Furthermore, additional centrifugation step prior to antibody incubation as well as long (4 h) incubation at 37 °C resulted in significant reductions in expression of CD11b, CD16 and CD55 when compared to control samples. As opposed to blood PMNs, stimulating tear-film PMNs with IL-8 did not induce any significant changes in expression of CD11b, CD16, CD55 and CD66b. When working with collected tear-film PMNs, our results suggest that any additional centrifugation and incubation step should be avoided, or at least limited, and post fixation staining is recommended in order to preserve cell phenotype and cell integrity of tear film PMNs. Our study also adds further information on the reproducibility of the gentle eye wash as well as the inability of tear-film PMNs to modulate their surface receptors upon stimulation with IL-8. The latter may be due to prior exposure to IL-8, activation in the closed-eye environment, or a reduced ability to respond to inflammatory stimulus. Further mechanistic studies will be needed to gain a better understanding of the tear-film neutrophil phenotype.

Jones D. Myopia Management: What Are the Options? Optometric Management 2020;June [ Show Abstract ]

There have been alarming predictions regarding the rate of increase of myopia for the next three decades. Of particular concern is the predicted increase in high myopia, with reports that almost 10% of the world’s population will exhibit myopia in excess of -5.00 D by 2050. Given the abundance of evidence in the literature that shows myopia progression can be reduced, practitioners need to be proactive with their young patients and introduce the concept of myopia control as soon as there is evidence of a myopic refractive error. Additionally, practitioners need to be familiar with the treatment options available.

Jones D. Measure Axial Length to Guide Myopia Management Review of Myopia Management 2020;March 1. [ Show Abstract ]

Myopic patients must be managed and monitored closely. Myopia can no longer be considered as a benign refractive error, and it cannot be managed by traditional optical means. With the growing prevalence of myopia, and the increased risk of ocular pathology associated with high myopia, eye care professionals (ECPs) need to assess their patients for risk factors that may lead to its onset.

Jones D. What Myopia Management Is and What It Is Not Review of Myopia Management 2020;July [ Show Abstract ]

Almost without exception, a paper or article written about myopia starts with the alarming statistics and predictions regarding the prevalence of myopia worldwide. Globally, clinicians and researchers are hopefully well aware by now of the projection that by 2050, 50 percent of the world’s population will be myopic. While this traditionally sets the scene for the need for action to combat this epidemic, what exactly does the term myopia management mean, and how can it be put into practice?

Jones L. COVID-19 and contact lens wear Alcon webinar, North America, June, 2020

Jones L. COVID-19 and contact lens wear Bausch & Lomb webinar, Canada, May, 2020

Jones L. Lids and their impact on successful contact lens wear Alcon webinar, Canada, April, 2020

Jones L. Lids and their impact on successful contact lens wear Alcon webinar, Canada, April, 2020