Jones, L., Craig, J. P., Markoulli, M., Karpecki, P,. Akpek, E. K., Basu, S., Bitton, E., Chen, W., Dhaliwal, D. K., Dogru, M., Gomes, J. A. P., Koehler, M., Mehta, J. S., Perez, V. L., Stapleton, F., Sullivan, D. A., Tauber, J., Tong, L.,Travé-Huarte, S., Wolffsohn, J. S., Alves, M., Baudouin, C., Downie, L., Giannaccare, G., Horwath-Winter, J., Liu, Z., Koh, S., Messmer,E., Otero, E., Villani, E., Watson, S., Yoon, K. C. TFOS DEWS III Management and Therapy Report American Journal of Ophthalmology 2025;279(November):289-386 [ Show Abstract ]

This report provides an evidence-based review of current strategies to manage dry eye disease (DED). First-line management focuses on methods to replenish, conserve and stimulate the tear film, with an emphasis on ocular supplements, which remain the cornerstone of DED treatment. Meibomian gland dysfunction, a primary contributor to DED, is typically treated with warm compresses and a wide variety of in-office treatments, including device-driven technologies to warm the eyelids, intense pulsed light therapy, low-level light therapy and other new and emerging technologies. Lid hygiene treatments include lid wipes, anti-Demodex therapies, blepharoexfoliation and topical antibiotics.

DED caused by certain etiological drivers can benefit from anti-inflammatory therapies, including corticosteroids, T-cell immunomodulatory topical drugs and a wide variety of pharmacological agents, in addition to biologic tear substitutes such as autologous serum and platelet-rich plasma. Emerging therapies, such as neuromodulation via nasal neurostimulation and novel pharmacological treatments offer potential future options. Advanced options, including amniotic membrane grafts and complex surgical methods, provide options for severe or refractory cases. Lifestyle modifications, including optimized blinking, dietary supplementation and environmental adjustments, play a crucial role in long-term management. Patient education and adherence to treatment regimens remain essential for sustained symptom relief.

The TFOS DEWS III prescribing algorithm provides an evidence-based framework to offer guidance to clinicians in selecting relevant interventions based on disease etiology that aim to provide targeted management of the subtype of DED that an individual is experiencing.

Jones,D., Chow,A., Fadel,D., Gonzalez Meijome,J.M., Grzybowski,A., Kollbaum,P., Loughman,J. Wolffsohn,J. IMI—Instrumentation for Myopia Management Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 2025;66(9):Article 7 [ Show Abstract ]

The rising prevalence of myopia has underscored the importance of early diagnosis and effective management strategies to control its progression and to prevent complications. Advancements in instrumentation enable clinicians to provide individualized evidence-based care for patients. Instrumentation for myopia control encompasses a wide range of technologies designed to assess refractive error, biometric parameters, including axial length, accommodative responses, as well as detailed assessment of ocular health. These tools offer clinicians the ability to move beyond traditional clinical techniques, providing more accurate, detailed, and repeatable measurements critical for the detection and monitoring of myopia progression. This allows for a personalized approach to treatment planning, enabling the selection and optimization of myopia control interventions. Furthermore, advanced imaging and real-time data visualization support patient education by fostering understanding, which may improve adherence to treatment plans. By adopting these technologies, clinicians can address the complexities of myopia management, deliver precise and effective care, and contribute to global efforts to curb the myopia epidemic. The integration of advanced instrumentation into clinical practice encourages early intervention and management strategies for patients at risk of becoming myopic (pre-myopia), as well as improving patient outcomes for myopic patients.

Kapadia,W., Nikhil,V., Ning,Q., Pei,Z., Phan,C.-M., Haines,L., Jones,L., Ren,C. A novel microfluidic viscometer for measuring viscosity of ultrasmall volumes of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 2025;35(5):Article number 055005 [ Show Abstract ]

Viscosity is a critical fluid property that significantly influences fluid behavior and performance across various systems. Most commercial viscometers require relatively large sample volumes (on the order of milliliters), which restricts their utility in scenarios where only limited sample volumes are available. For instance, human tear fluid—essential for developing effective treatment strategies—is scarce (typically on microliters), especially in individuals with dry eye disease. To address this limitation, we present a novel microfluidic viscometer platform capable of measuring the viscosity of ultra-small volumes (i.e. ∼10 μl) of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The working principle is based on the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, incorporating the Weissenberg-Rabinowitsch-Mooney correction for slit-flow, and employs an optically transparent microfluidic chip integrated with supporting devices including a syringe pump, manifold, camera, and differential pressure transducer. Preliminary validation was conducted using glycerol solutions, artificial tears, and tear samples from dry and healthy eyes. This microfluidic viscometer holds promise for measuring the shear viscosity of small volumes of biofluid samples (e.g. synovial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, tear films) or pharmaceuticals (e.g. monoclonal antibodies, ophthalmic drug delivery products) by developing surface coating materials appropriate for specific samples.

Lourenco Nogueira,C., Boegel,S.J., Shukla,M., Ngo,W., Hui,A., Jones,L., Aucoin,M. Antiviral activity of contact lens care solutions and rub-and-rinse regimen against adenovirus Optometry and Vision Science 2025;102(3):156-166 [ Show Abstract ]

SIGNIFICANCE
Although human adenoviruses are the leading cause of acute viral conjunctivitis, there is a lack of data surrounding the efficacy of contact lens care products against these viruses.

PURPOSE
This study investigates the antiviral activity of several commercially available contact lens care solutions against human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5).

METHODS
Six contact lens care solutions (Biotrue, Boston Simplus, OPTI-FREE Puremoist, Clear Care, cleadew, and cleadew GP) were investigated. Quantitative suspensions tests were conducted on Ad5 solutions after interaction with the different contact lens care solutions for 4 or 6 hours. For the hydrogen peroxide solution (Clear Care), interaction times of 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours prior to neutralization were also investigated. Finally, the impact of rubbing and rinsing of Ad5 contaminated contact lenses with the solutions was studied.

RESULTS
Solutions based on povidone-iodine demonstrated a more than 3-log reduction in virus after 4 and 6 hours of incubation. In contrast, hydrogen peroxide only demonstrated a 0.52-log reduction after 6 hours of incubation. Increasing the contact time with hydrogen peroxide increased Ad5 inactivation, with a 2.18-log reduction after 6 hours of incubation with the solution prior to neutralization. Nonoxidative systems did not demonstrate a significant log reduction after 4 hours of incubation. However, rubbing and rinsing of contact lenses using the nonoxidative systems reduced the virus counts from contaminated contact lenses to below the limit of quantification.

CONCLUSIONS
Povidone-iodine solutions have a significant effect on reducing the viability of Ad5. Hydrogen peroxide care solutions are effective only if unneutralized contact time is increased. Nonoxidative systems can be effective in combating contaminated lenses only with the addition of a rub-and-rinse step.

Luensmann D. Article Review: Challenges to the New Soft Contact Lens Wearer and Strategies for Clinical Management https://contactlensupdate.com/2025/06/25/article-review-challenges-to-the-new-soft-contact-lens-wearer-and-strategies-for-clinical-management/ 2025;84

Luensmann D, Kaiser Maharjan E. AOA 2025: Coverage of ametropia with a planned replacement soft contact lens portfolio Optometry Times 2025, Jun 27:

Luensmann D, Woods J, Jones L. Coverage of ametropia with a planned replacement soft contact lens portfolio AOA Optometry's Meeting, Minneapolis, USA, Jun 27, 2025 [ Show Abstract ]

BACKGROUND: Soft lens power ranges are often broad for spherical prescriptions, but there is typically less coverage for astigmatic prescriptions, particularly with multifocal lenses. This unequal coverage within a lens brand may mean refitting previously successful lens wearers with a different brand when they need a toric or multifocal correction. This could increase chair time and requires adaptation to a different lens fit, which could negatively impact lens comfort and/or handling and therefore patient satisfaction. This analysis reviewed the coverage of a specific planned replacement portfolio.

METHODS: In a secondary analysis, prescription data of 101,973 optometric clinic patients aged 14-70 years were evaluated: 59,631 female and 42,342 male . The prescriptions available in a planned replacement portfolio spanning spherical and toric prescriptions were evaluated to calculate the coverage in non-presbyopic and presbyopic age groups.

RESULTS: In the non-presbyopic group (age 14-39; n=47,195) and presbyopic group (age 40-70; n=54,778), astigmatism of at least -0.75DC was present in 39% and 44% of eyes respectively.
Spherical corrections are acceptable for eyes with no more than 0.50DC astigmatism. If a lens brand is available in single-vision prescriptions +6.00 to -12.00D and multifocal prescriptions +6.00 to -10.00D, they would cover 99.9% and 99.7% of eyes respectively.

Toric corrections are warranted for eyes with astigmatism of at least -0.75DC, and if a lens brand is available in single vision: sphere +6.00 to -9.00D and up to -2.75DC in all axes, and multifocal: sphere +4.00 to -6.00D and up to -1.75DC in all axes, plus up to -2.75DC in axes 90±20 and 180±20, these ranges would cover 95.3% and 92.3% of astigmatic eyes in the respective age groups.
This results in a total coverage of 97.3% across all age groups and prescriptions. In contrast, if the toric multifocal option was not available, the total brand coverage reduced to 78.3%.

CONCLUSION: This analysis demonstrates that robust coverage was achieved for both presbyopic and non-presbyopic populations in this planned replacement portfolio. Such high coverage helps facilitate a smooth transition and adaptation for practitioners and patients when needing to switch from single vision spherical lenses to toric and/or multifocal lenses.

Luensmann D, Woods J, Jones L. ePoster: Coverage of ametropia with a planned replacement soft contact lens portfolio AOA Optometry's Meeting, ePoster, May 29, 2025 [ Show Abstract ]

BACKGROUND: Soft lens power ranges are often broad for spherical prescriptions, but there is typically less coverage for astigmatic prescriptions, particularly with multifocal lenses. This unequal coverage within a lens brand may mean refitting previously successful lens wearers with a different brand when they need a toric or multifocal correction. This could increase chair time and requires adaptation to a different lens fit, which could negatively impact lens comfort and/or handling and therefore patient satisfaction. This analysis reviewed the coverage of a specific planned replacement portfolio.

METHODS: In a secondary analysis, prescription data of 101,973 optometric clinic patients aged 14-70 years were evaluated: 59,631 female and 42,342 male . The prescriptions available in a planned replacement portfolio spanning spherical and toric prescriptions were evaluated to calculate the coverage in non-presbyopic and presbyopic age groups.

RESULTS: In the non-presbyopic group (age 14-39; n=47,195) and presbyopic group (age 40-70; n=54,778), astigmatism of at least -0.75DC was present in 39% and 44% of eyes respectively.
Spherical corrections are acceptable for eyes with no more than 0.50DC astigmatism. If a lens brand is available in single-vision prescriptions +6.00 to -12.00D and multifocal prescriptions +6.00 to -10.00D, they would cover 99.9% and 99.7% of eyes respectively.

Toric corrections are warranted for eyes with astigmatism of at least -0.75DC, and if a lens brand is available in single vision: sphere +6.00 to -9.00D and up to -2.75DC in all axes, and multifocal: sphere +4.00 to -6.00D and up to -1.75DC in all axes, plus up to -2.75DC in axes 90±20 and 180±20, these ranges would cover 95.3% and 92.3% of astigmatic eyes in the respective age groups.
This results in a total coverage of 97.3% across all age groups and prescriptions. In contrast, if the toric multifocal option was not available, the total brand coverage reduced to 78.3%.

CONCLUSION: This analysis demonstrates that robust coverage was achieved for both presbyopic and non-presbyopic populations in this planned replacement portfolio. Such high coverage helps facilitate a smooth transition and adaptation for practitioners and patients when needing to switch from single vision spherical lenses to toric and/or multifocal lenses.

Michaud L, Jones D, Chow A.. Myopia Revisited: A Practical Learning Session with Panel Discussion Ontario Association of Optometrists, Symposium, March 29, 2025

Mitra,S., Kapur,V., Jones,L., Mitra,S. K. Dynamics of an Artificial Tear Film on Contact Lenses in Response to a Moving Force Mimicking Fingertip Application ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2025;17(44):61426-61438 [ Show Abstract ]

Globally, it is estimated that more than 140 million people wear contact lenses. As a result, users demonstrate varying levels of dexterity and consistency when inserting lenses, often requiring fine adjustments. Moreover, the diverse structure and quality of individuals' precorneal tear films lead to different tear film responses under various insertion conditions. In this work, we mimic such tear film dynamics using a force probe coupled with reflection interference contrast microscopy. We use an in-house prepared artificial tear film solution that mimics human tear film composition deposited on commercially available soft contact lenses. The probe is used to replicate contact forces that resemble the pressure and motion of a human fingertip during lens insertion. Our findings reveal that contact-induced deformations and resulting film morphologies are sensitive to the volume, i.e., thickness of the tear film: from localized wetting ridges with memory effects for thicker films to traveling deformations with permanent wrinkling for thinner films. In extremely thin films, we observe that film evaporation dominates over contact-driven dynamics, although mobile contact forces can locally reverse rupture spots in the tear film.

Moghadas,M., Moezzi,A.m, Laachiri,K., Lamrani,M., Woods,J., Jones,L., Ngo,W. Novel ocular thermography metrics for dry eye screening Translational Vision Science & Technology 2025;14(10):37 [ Show Abstract ]

Purpose: This study investigated the efficacy of automated ocular thermography metrics for the screening of dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: This was a prospective study that enrolled 20 participants with DED, sex- and age-matched to 20 non-DED controls. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Dry Eye Questionnaire-5 (DEQ5), noninvasive tear-break-up time (NITBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) score, and corneal staining were measured in a screening visit. The DED group was defined as: OSDI score of ≥13 or DEQ-5 score of ≥6, and DED signs in at least one eye (corneal/conjunctival/lid margin staining, NITBUT <5 seconds, tear film osmolarity ≥308 miliosmoles [mOsm]/L). Thermography recording of the ocular surface (natural blinking over a period of 30 seconds) was conducted the next day, and the thermal cooling rate and thermal interblink interval (IBI) were derived.

Results: Thermal IBI was significantly shorter in the DED group compared to the non-DED group (P = 0.034). The thermal cooling rate was significantly faster in the DED group (P = 0.047). Thermal IBI significantly correlated with DEQ5 (r = −0.37, P = 0.025) and OSDI (r = −0.37, P = 0.026). The thermal cooling rate significantly correlated with DEQ5 (r = −0.39, P = 0.022) and OSDI (r = −0.36, P = 0.036). The best discrimination was achieved by combining the thermal cooling rate and TMH, with an area under the curve (AUC) = 0.80 (sensitivity = 0.87 and specificity = 0.63).

Conclusions: The thermal IBI and thermal cooling rate were significant predictors of DED, suggesting the utility of ocular thermography for DED screening.

Mohammadi,S., Eslami,S., Jones,L., Gorbet,M In vitro tear replenishment system: assessing drug delivery from contact lens biomaterials through corneal epithelial monolayer and multilayer under replenishment conditions
Drug Delivery and Translational Research 2025;15(7):2509-2521 [ Show Abstract ]

There is a need to develop improved in vitro ocular models for biocompatibility and drug delivery studies to assess the potential of in vivo performance of contact lenses. By using an in vitro corneal epithelial cell model combined with a tear replenishment method, this study aimed to investigate the delivery of the glaucoma drug latanoprost from contact lenses and compare the dynamic release results to no-replenishment (immersion) conditions. Corneal epithelial cells were grown as a monolayer or multilayer on curved cellulose cell culture inserts. Three contact lens materials (balafilcon A; senofilcon A; etafilcon A), soaked for 24 h in latanoprost, were placed on the curved cornea models (CCM) and drug concentration was determined on the basal (diffusion/transport) and apical (supernatant) sides after 1, 4, 8 and 12 h. The in vitro tear replenishment was achieved via intermittent flow of a tear solution over the CCM at a rate of 1 mL/hour. A zero-order kinetic was observed for basal drug concentration over the 12 h period. Similar basal and apical drug concentrations were observed with monolayer and multilayer CCM, except for the etafilcon A material. The apical release of latanoprost was significantly lower under replenishment compared to no-replenishment conditions. These results demonstrate the role that a dynamic release model will have in predicting the amount of drug that can be released from a contact lens into the tear film and the critical role of a cell monolayer in in vitro drug delivery studies.

Morgan P, Woods CA, Tranoudis IG, Efron N, Jones L, Faccia L, Rivadeneira D, Grupcheva CN, Jones D, Rodriguez Cely LM, Santodomingo-Rubido J, Erdinest N, Jafari A, Montani G, Hori Y, Mulder J, van der Worp E, van Mierlo T, Ystenaes AE, Romualdez-Oo J, Abesamis-Dichoso C, Gonzalez-Meijome JM, Macedo-de-Araujo RM, Johansson O, Hsiao J, Nichols JJ.. International Contact Lens Prescribing in 2024 Contact Lens Spectrum 2025;40, January/February: 22-24, 26, 28-30

Morgan,P., Efron,N., Woods,C. A., Jones,D. A., Jones,L., Nichols,J. International trends in prescribing multifocal and monovision soft contact lenses to correct presbyopia (2000–2023): An update Contact Lens Anterior Eye 2025;48(2):Article 102348 [ Show Abstract ]

Purpose: Numerous multifocal soft contact lenses have been introduced into clinical practice over the past half century. The purpose of this work is to update earlier surveys by describing international trends in multifocal and monovision soft lens fitting for presbyopia between 2000–2023, inclusive.

Method: An annual contact lens prescribing survey was sent to eye care practitioners in up to 71 countries between 2000–2023. Data relating to 52,580 soft daily wear lens fits to presbyopes (those ≥45 years of age) undertaken in 20 countries returning reliable longitudinal data were analysed in respect of multifocal and monovision soft daily wear lens fits.

Results: Overall, multifocal and monovision soft daily wear lens prescribing to presbyopes has more than doubled over the course of this survey, from 26.4 % of standard soft daily wear lens fits in 2000 to 61.1 % in 2023 (p < 0.0001). There were significant differences between countries in presbyopia soft daily wear lens prescribing (p < 0.0001). Of all soft daily wear fits to males, 45.1 % were multifocal and monovision soft lenses, compared with 52.7 % for females (p < 0.0001). When considered as the proportion of lenses fitted by age, multifocal soft lens fitting peaked between 50–65 years, followed by a precipitous drop until 85–90 years of age, and then an increase beyond 90 years of age. Analysis of 13,014 recent soft lens fits to presbyopes (2019–2023) revealed the following fitting proportions: multifocal lenses – 51 %; monovision – 10 %; and non-presbyopia fitting – 39 %.

Conclusion: There has been a substantial increase in soft contact lens correction of presbyopia using multifocal and monovision corrections throughout the 24 years of this survey. A significant number of soft contact lens-wearing presbyopes are not receiving a presbyopia contact lens correction.

Ngo,W., Nagaarudkumaran,N., Huynh,C. B. Refrigeration reduces instillation discomfort of a 0.09% cyclosporine A solution Optometry and Vision Science 2025;102(1):14-19 [ Show Abstract ]

Significance: Topical cyclosporine A (CsA) for the treatment of dry eye disease is often associated with instillation discomfort, which may negatively influence patient adherence to therapy. This study found that refrigerating topical CsA reduced instillation discomfort compared with instillation of warm CsA. Thus, refrigerating CsA prior to instillation may improve patient experience when using CsA to manage dry eye disease.

Purpose: This study aimed to quantify instillation discomfort associated with cold or warm instillation of a 0.09% CsA.

Methods: Forty participants with symptomatic aqueous deficient dry eye were enrolled. A drop of cold (4°C) CsA was instilled in one eye, and a drop of warm (23°C) CsA was instilled in the other eye. The order and eye receiving the cold drop were randomized. Participants rated the discomfort of each eye (0, no discomfort; 10, maximal discomfort) prior to drop instillation, immediately post-instillation, and at each subsequent minute for 10 minutes. Area under the curve was used to quantify cumulative discomfort.

Results: Forty participants (39.6 ± 18.9 years old, 82% female) completed the study. A majority of participants (n = 24, 60%) experienced reduced cumulative discomfort with cold CsA, whereas the remainder experienced minimal difference (n = 10, 25%) or increased cumulative discomfort (n = 6, 15%). For those with reduced discomfort (n = 24), cumulative discomfort associated with cold instillation (median, 11.5 [2.2, 20.0]) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than cumulative discomfort associated with warm instillation (median, 17.5 [11.2, 32.2]). Cold instillation was associated with a median reduction of 1 discomfort point immediately post-instillation and at all subsequent time points (all p≤0.04, but not significant at t = 10), compared with warm instillation.

Conclusions: Up to 60% of participants found that cold instillation of CsA solution induced less discomfort than warm instillation, lasting up to 9 minutes post-instillation. In contrast, although 15% of participants found reduced discomfort with warm instillation, the magnitude of discomfort associated with warm instillation was not significantly different than cold instillation.

Perez, V. L., Chen, W., Craig, J. P., Dogru, M., Jones, L., Stapleton, F., Wolffsohn, J. S., Sullivan, D. A. TFOS DEWS III Editorial American Journal of Ophthalmology 2025;278(October):166-167 [ Show Abstract ]

The Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society (TFOS), a non-profit organization, was created to advance the research, literacy, and educational aspects of the scientific field of the tear film and ocular surface. Since its incorporation in 2000, TFOS has launched numerous global initiatives. Perhaps the best-known are the TFOS Workshops, especially those related to dry eye disease (DED). DED afflicts hundreds of millions of people worldwide, is a leading cause of patient visits to eye care practitioners, and, if moderate or severe, is associated with significant pain, role limitations, low vitality and poor general health.

Phan C-M, Walsh K, Jones L. Future applications of contact lenses In: Specialty Contact Lenses. 2025.

Phan C, Walther H, Ho B, Jones L. Development of a novel in vitro blink model for measuring prelens non-invasive break-up time
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, May 8, 2025 [ Show Abstract ]

Purpose
To develop an in vitro blink model for measuring prelens non-invasive break-up time of contact lenses with a keratograph.

Methods
The model was designed using CAD (computer-aided design) software and fabricated using a combination of 3D printing, CNC (computer numerical control) machining, and molding processes. The base structure of the eyeball was 3D-printed, and the front surface of the eyeball was cast using acrylic resin mixed with graphite powder in an ultrasmooth polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mould. The lower eyelid was designed to hold the eyeball and the lower tear meniscus. The base structure of the eyelid was 3D-printed using flexible resin (Flex 50A) on the FormLabs 3B (Formlabs Inc., Somerville, MA, USA), and then moulded into its final shape with polyvinyl alcohol. The blink speed of the model was set to 150 mm s-1 for both opening and closing. The model’s ability to generate a stable tear film over a contact lens (senofilcon A) was validated using non-invasive keratographic break-up time (NIKBUT) with the OCULUS Keratograph 5M. 20 µL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is added to the upper eyelid using a pipette, and the model is allowed to equilibrate for three blinks before each measurement.

Results
The resulting eyeball is black in the central corneal region, providing the necessary contrast to reflect the concentric rings projected by the keratograph. During each blink, the hydrogel in the upper eyelid comes into contact with the lower tear meniscus and evenly distributes the tear fluid across the eyeball during the upward motion of the blink. Without a contact lens, the tear film breaks immediately over the hydrophobic acrylic surface of the eyeball. The NIKBUT for senofilcon A ranged from approximately 5 to 7 seconds, aligning with clinical observations. The model also includes a fluid reservoir located in the lower eyelid, used to rehydrate the hydrogel. Additionally, two inlets can be attached to the lower eyelid to control fluid flow into and out of the model.

Conclusions
The developed blink model consistently forms a tear film over a contact lens during the upward blink motion, using the lower tear meniscus as the fluid source.

Phan,C-M., Hui,A., Shi,X., Zheng,Y., Subbaraman,L., Wu,J., Jones,L. The Impact of Comfort Eluting Agents and Replacement Frequency on Enhancing Contact Lens Performance Clinical Ophthalmology 2025;19(March 12):857-873 [ Show Abstract ]

This review explores the development and clinical implications of soft contact lenses designed to elute comfort agents, emphasizing their role in enhancing user experience and ocular health. As discomfort remains one of the primary reasons for discontinuation of lens wear, this concept aims to address this challenge by gradually releasing these agents over their period of use. This review also explores the effectiveness, safety, and user satisfaction associated with frequent replacement schedules of these lenses. Clinical trials demonstrate that lenses with eluting comfort agents significantly reduce dryness and irritation, leading to improved wear-time and overall comfort. The findings suggest that frequent replacement not only enhances lens hygiene but also maximizes the therapeutic benefits of the eluted agents, promoting a healthier ocular environment. The implications for practice highlight a shift towards more patient-centered approaches in contact lens design and management, aiming to improve adherence and satisfaction among users. This research paves the way for future innovations in contact lens technology, focusing on personalized solutions that cater to individual comfort needs.

Phan,C. M., Wulff,D., Thacker,M., Hui,A. Drug releasing contact lenses and their application to disease presentations
Clinical and Experimental Optometry 2025;Online ahead of print [ Show Abstract ]

Eye drops, the most common method for anterior segment treatment, face challenges of inefficiency, with less than 7% instilled drugs typically reaching target tissues of interest. The advent of contact lens drug delivery systems offers a paradigm shift, enhancing drug residence time and bioavailability on the ocular surface. This review focuses on the considerations and challenges in developing contact lenses for drug delivery, particularly for managing four categories of ocular diseases: anterior segment infections, dry eye disease, ocular allergies, and glaucoma. Each disease category requires tailored therapeutic approaches, and the technical intricacies of drug-releasing contact lenses must address concerns related to lens properties, drug release duration, and safety. The aim of this review is to provide insights into the therapeutic needs of ocular diseases and offer a comprehensive overview of the progress made in this innovative approach. The emergence of a commercially available ketotifen fumarate-releasing lens serves as a testament to the feasibility and potential benefits of this innovative approach, paving the way for further refinement and targeted applications in ocular therapeutics.

Phan,C.-M., Ho,B., Hui,A., Walther,H., Zhen,Y., Subbaraman,L., Shi,X., Wu,J., Jones,L. Evaluating the initial and end-of-day wettability of contemporary daily disposable contact lenses using various in vitro methods Optometry and Vision Science 2025;102(5):375-381 [ Show Abstract ]

SIGNIFICANCE:
Contact lens wettability is potentially correlated with friction, which is linked to lens comfort. However, measuring wettability can be highly variable. This study assessed wettability using three techniques for a more accurate profile.

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the wettability of contemporary daily disposable contact lenses after 16 hours on an in vitro model using the sessile drop, captive bubble, and a novel in vitro noninvasive keratograph breakup time (NIKBUT) method.

METHODS:
The wettability of six contemporary silicone hydrogel contact lens materials (verofilcon A, delefilcon A, senofilcon A, kalifilcon A, stenfilcon A, and somofilcon A) and two conventional hydrogel materials (nesofilcon A and etafilcon A) were evaluated using an in vitro blink model at t = 0 and 16 hours. The blink rates of the eye model were 20 blinks per minute. Sessile drop and captive bubble angles were analyzed using the Optical Contact Analyzer. NIKBUT was assessed on a blink model in combination with the OCULUS Keratograph 5M.

RESULTS:
There were no significant differences in wettability for any lens types between 0 and 16 hours when assessed using the captive bubble or NIKBUT methods (p>0.05). For the sessile drop method, verofilcon A had the lowest contact angle values (36.5 ± 2.9°), and all lenses except for etafilcon A had similar wettability after 16 hours. All the lenses had similar wettability when assessed using the captive bubble method, suggesting that they had similar wettability under optimal wetting conditions. For NIKBUT, delefilcon A had the longest NIKBUT values (9.0 ± 1.0 s) after 16 hours.

CONCLUSIONS:
The sessile drop technique produced the most measurable differences in wettability between different lens types, whereas the captive bubble technique was not able to provide any measurable differences between lenses. NIKBUT measurements may provide a better measure of on-eye wettability, but variability in the results using the current eye model still needs to be addressed in future studies for improved repeatability. Although the contact lenses showed different contact angles and NIKBUT results, their in vitro wettability did not significantly change over the 16 hours of simulated wear in terms of the captive bubble or NIKBUT values.

Richards,J., Jaskulski,M., Woods,J., Guthrie,S., Kollbaum,P. Optical characterisation and vision quality assessment of two myopia control contact lenses Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 2025;45(5):1142-1150 [ Show Abstract ]

Purpose
This investigation examined the image and vision quality of two commercially available daily disposable myopia control soft contact lenses.

Methods
Wavefront errors were measured with an SHS Ophthalmic aberrometer for two myopia control soft contact lenses: a coaxially designed dual-focus lens (omafilcon A, CooperVision MiSight® 1 day, MS1d) and a design employing multiple add powers that included non-coaxial optics in annular add zones (senofilcon A, Johnson & Johnson Vision ACUVUE® Abiliti™ 1-Day, AB). Geometric optics ray tracing generated point-spread functions and wave optics were used to compare modulation transfer functions (MTFs) and simulated letter images. Twenty-six myopic children completed a randomised, non-dispensing, contralateral double-masked clinical trial. After 1 h of wear, right and left eye visual acuity (VA), subjective vision quality and lens preference (Likert) were assessed while viewing monocularly.

Results
The lens containing non-coaxial optics employed a small central zone with approximately +10.00 D of added power and two annular rings with a power gradient typical of non-coaxial optics. The coaxial design contained a centre zone with a distance correction and two annular zones with a fixed add power of approximately +2.00 D. MTFs and simulated images were better with small pupils, which was most noticeable with the coaxial design. Distance VA was -0.02 ± 0.04 with MS1d and 0.09 ± 0.08 with AB, p < 0.01. The majority of participants (77%) reported a preference for one lens; 54% preferred the MS1d and 23% preferred the AB lens.

Conclusions
Myopia control contact lenses employing coaxial or a mixture of coaxial and non-coaxial optics both reduced retinal image contrast but successfully imaged high spatial frequencies and provided high quality of vision. Image and vision quality were slightly superior in the lens employing coaxial optics alone.

Salzano A, Ostrin L, Jones D, Khanal S, Frogozo M. Myopia Today and Tomorrow American Academy of Optometry Meeting, Boston, Oct 10, 2025

Schulze M. Clinical Insight: TFOS DEWS III - Digest Summary https://contactlensupdate.com/2025/12/12/dews-iii-downloadable-summaries/ 2025;87

Schulze,M., Guthrie,S., Ho,B., Woods,J., Jones,L. A Clinical Evaluation of Lifitegrast Ophthalmic Solution 5% in Symptomatic Contact Lens Wearers Clinical Ophthalmology 2025;19(August):3033-3049 [ Show Abstract ]

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5% in alleviating end-of-day dryness and discomfort in symptomatic contact lens (CL) wearers.

Patients and Methods: This was an open-label study in symptomatic CL wearers with ratings of ≥ 40 for end-of-day dryness on a visual analog scale (VAS; 0– 100 scale; 100 worst). Participants wore their habitual CLs and instilled lifitegrast twice daily for 12 weeks with lenses removed. The performance of lifitegrast was assessed by comparing VAS 0– 100 ratings (100=worst) at 2, 6 and 12 weeks for end-of-day dryness and discomfort and Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire-8 (CEQ-8) scores to baseline levels. Tear samples were collected at all visits to measure 10 different tear cytokines.

Results: Forty participants (33F, mean age 30.8± 12.1 years, 65% daily disposable CL users) completed the study. There were no serious adverse events. Median (range) visual analog scale ratings for end-of-day dryness (Baseline: 76 (19– 99); 2-weeks: 43 (0– 95); 6-weeks: 26 (0– 94); 12-weeks: 15 (0– 98)) and discomfort (Baseline: 70 (10– 97); 2-weeks: 45 (0– 95); 6-weeks: 25 (0– 84); 12-weeks 11 (0– 96)) both significantly improved over time (all p< 0.01). At baseline, 100% of participants rated dryness ≥ 40, which dropped to 17% at 12 weeks. Baseline CLDEQ-8 scores of 22 (12– 31) had significantly decreased to 11 (1– 26) at 12 weeks. Comfortable CL wear time increased significantly from 6± 2 hours at baseline to 9± 3 hours at 6 and 12 weeks (all p< 0.01). Cytokine levels did not change over time.

Conclusion: Lifitegrast significantly improved end-of-day dryness, end-of-day discomfort, CLDEQ-8 scores and comfortable CL wear time within 2 weeks of use.